药品信息:
--------------------------------------------------------------- 部分中文Hydrochlorothiazide处方资料(仅供参考) ---------------------------------------------------------------
氢氯噻嗪
【拉丁名】Hydrochlorothiazide
【别名】双氢氯噻嗪、双氢克尿塞、双氢氯消疾、双氢氯散疾。
【作用和用途】主要抑制髓袢升支皮质部对Na+和Cl-的重吸收,使肾脏对氯化钠的排泄增加而产生利尿作用,是一种中效利尿药。本品有降压作用,可以与其他降压药物配合作用。本品还有抗利尿的作用,可用于治疗尿崩症。
【用法】用于水肿病人:1次25~50mg,1日25~100mg,隔日或每周1~2次服用。用于高血压病人:与其他降压药合用,每日50~75mg,分早晚两次服,一周后减为每日25~50mg。
【副作用与注意事项】长期服用,易发生电解质平衡紊乱,如低钠血症、低氯血症、低钾血症性碱血症。不可突然停药,应逐渐减量。在治疗肝硬化而引起的腹水时,最好与螺内酯合用,以防止发生肝昏迷。肝肾功能不全者、痛风、糖尿病患者慎用。
What is hydrochlorothiazide? Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic (water pill) that helps prevent your body from absorbing too much salt, which can cause fluid retention.
Hydrochlorothiazide treats fluid retention (edema) in people with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or kidney disorders, or edema caused by taking steroids or estrogen. This medication is also used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension).
Hydrochlorothiazide may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
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Important information about hydrochlorothiazide Do not use this medication if you are allergic to hydrochlorothiazide or if you are unable to urinate.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you have liver disease, kidney disease, asthma or allergies, gout, diabetes, or if you are allergic to sulfa drugs.
Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide.
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. In some cases, drinking too much liquid can be as unsafe as not drinking enough.
There are many other medicines that can interact with hydrochlorothiazide. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list with you of all the medicines you use and show this list to any doctor or other healthcare provider who treats you.
If you are being treated for high blood pressure, keep using hydrochlorothiazide even if you feel fine. High blood pressure often has no symptoms.
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Before taking hydrochlorothiazide Do not use this medication if you are allergic to hydrochlorothiazide, or if you are unable to urinate.
Before using hydrochlorothiazide, tell your doctor if you have: kidney disease; liver disease; asthma or allergies; gout; diabetes; or an allergy to sulfa drugs.
If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take hydrochlorothiazide.
FDA pregnancy category B. This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. Hydrochlorothiazide can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
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How should I take hydrochlorothiazide? Take hydrochlorothiazide exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.
To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood pressure will need to be checked on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
Your blood and urine may both be tested if you have been vomiting or are dehydrated.
Hydrochlorothiazide can interfere with the results of a thyroid test. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using a thiazide diuretic.
If you are being treated for high blood pressure, keep using this medication even if you feel fine. High blood pressure often has no symptoms.
Store the tablets at room temperature away from heat, light, and moisture.
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What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
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What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, weakness, dizziness, dry mouth, thirst, and muscle pain or weakness.
What should I avoid while taking hydrochlorothiazide? Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide.
Avoid using other medicines that make you light-headed (such as cold medicine, pain medication, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety). They can add to the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide. Tell your doctor if you regularly use any of these medicines, or any other blood pressure medications.
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. In some cases, drinking too much liquid can be as unsafe as not drinking enough.
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Hydrochlorothiazide side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to hydrochlorothiazide: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as: dry mouth, thirst, nausea, vomiting; feeling weak, drowsy, restless, or light-headed; fast or uneven heartbeat; muscle pain or weakness; numbness or tingly feeling; a red, blistering, peeling skin rash; or nausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Less serious hydrochlorothiazide side effects may include: diarrhea; mild stomach pain; constipation; or blurred vision.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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Hydrochlorothiazide Dosing Information Usual Adult Dose for Edema: 25 to 100 mg orally as a single or divided dose.
Usual Adult Dose for Hypertension: Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day. Maintenance dose: May increase to 50 mg orally as a single or 2 divided doses.
Usual Adult Dose for Nephrocalcinosis: Initial: 25 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: May increase to 50 mg twice a day
Usual Adult Dose for Osteoporosis: Initial: 25 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: May increase to 50 mg per day
Usual Adult Dose for Diabetes Insipidus: Initial: 50 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: May increase to 100 mg per day
Usual Pediatric Dose for not applicable: less than 6 months: 3 mg/kg/day orally in 2 divided doses.
less than 2 years: 1 to 2 mg/kg/day orally as a single or 2 divided doses. Maximum dose 37.5 mg/day.
2 to 12 years: 1 to 2 mg/kg/day orally as a single or 2 divided doses. Maximum dose 100 mg/day.
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What other drugs will affect hydrochlorothiazide? Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs: lithium; digoxin (Lanoxin); cholestyramine (Prevalite, Questran) or colestipol (Colestid); steroids (prednisone and others); other blood pressure medications; NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), diclofenac (Voltaren), indomethacin, naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), piroxicam (Feldene), nabumetone (Relafen), etodolac (Lodine), and others; or insulin or diabetes medicine taken by mouth.
This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with hydrochlorothiazide. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
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Where can I get more information? Your pharmacist can provide more information about hydrochlorothiazide.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
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于2010年4月27日更新 |